• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A metal circular saw blade (1) made of steel comprises two side surfaces (1a) and teeth along the peripheral edge (1b) and is rotatably insertable about a rotation axis (2) perpendicular to the side surfaces (1a) through its center. In a radially outer edge region (3) at the two side surfaces (1a) of the metal circular saw blade (1) are formed by induction hardening two opposite outer layers of increased hardness. The radially outer edge region (3) extends over a radial extent in the range from 30 mm to 150 mm, and between the two outer layers and radially inside the outer edge region (3) a less hard structure of the tool steel is obtained. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the metal circular saw blade (1) in the radially outer edge region (3) increases in the direction radially from the axis of rotation (2) to the outside. These metal circular saw blades (1) allow long service life even with high mechanical loads and can be resharpened.
    公开号:CH712310A2
    申请号:CH00420/16
    申请日:2016-03-31
    公开日:2017-10-13
    发明作者:Bisig Johann
    申请人:Sw Wil Werkzeug- Und Maschinenhandel Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: [0001] The invention relates to metal circular saw blades according to the preamble of claim 1 and to methods according to the preamble of claim 8.
    The invention relates to metal circular saw blades for hot and cold sawing of metal, in particular for cutting through metal pipes, Such metal circular saw blades are circular saw tools that must withstand high temperature fluctuations. In pipe production plants, for example, a flat metal sheet is formed into a pipe and welded along the joint in the pipe longitudinal direction. From the resulting pipe sections are separated. The separation process must not slow down tube production. Therefore, the saw blade of a co-moving with the pipe circular saw is performed during a short sawing through the pipe. Thereafter, the saw blade is moved radially out of the pipe and moved back to the starting point in the pipe direction for the next separation process.
    During the short Sägezyklen with the large feed rate perpendicular to the tube, the metal circular saw blade is strongly heated. During the return movement, a rapid cooling takes place. These strong temperature fluctuations make high demands on the metal circular saw blade. This applies all the more, the larger the diameter of the pipes to be cut and thus the metal circular saw blades used. Often metal circular saw blades are used with diameters in the range of 600 to 3000 mm. The thickness or thickness of the spread saw blades is substantially in the range of 4 to 12 mm and at diameters of 1000 mm, for example 7 or 8 mm.
    Because when sawing metal pipes on the circular saw blade high wear and large temperature fluctuations, steel is used, which is resistant and endures the high temperature fluctuations. It is usually used a low alloyed tool steel. Suitable examples are chromium-vanadium steels and also tungsten-alloyed steels, which have a high shock resistance at high temperature differences.
    Teeth are formed along the circumference of the metal circular saw blades, with various known tooth shapes being possible, such as, for example, teeth separator teeth or roof teeth with and without a surface at the protruding area. The known metal circular saw blades are resharpened or replaced after a certain wear of the teeth. When replacing arise, for example, during pipe production downtime. In order to keep the sum of the downtimes in relation to the operating time as short as possible, metal circular saw blades are desired with the longest possible service life.
    According to US Pat. No. 6,220,797 B1, a cutting tool made of steel should have good cutting properties and a longer service life by means of a surface treatment. The surface treatment achieves, in a first treatment step with nitrogen and / or carbon, a hard surface layer comprising, as a bonding layer, iron nitride, iron carbide or iron carbonitride. Because this hard surface layer is brittle, in a second step, a coating layer comprising nitrides, carbides or carbonitrides of metals selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta and alloys therewith is supported. The application is carried out with PVD (physical vapor deposition) methods such as ion plating (ion plating) or sputtering. The preparation of the two layers is expensive. In addition, it is particularly suitable for tools made of HSS or carbide with small surfaces, such as milling tools, drilling tools and lathes cutting tools.
    Metal circular saw blades have large surfaces and small material thicknesses and have a remuneration structure. They are therefore not suitable for attaching a hard material layer. In metal circular saw blades with brittle surface layers due to the large mechanical loads and the temperature fluctuations in the separation of metal pipe sections with cracks, fractures, residual stresses and spalling would have to be expected. This even if a hard material layer is applied. The surface treatments known from US Pat. No. 6,220,797 B1 are not suitable for increasing the service life of metal circular saw blades. In addition, the treatment with nitrogen would be associated with a great effort, because the treatment times are long and because a large reaction space would be needed for metal circular saw blades. Subsequent application of a coating layer would further increase the overall effort.
    US 2 326 674 describes the induction hardening of thin strip saw blades of hack saws, wherein the stated thickness of the saw blades is 1.65 mm. With a feed rate of approx. 6.4 mm / s, the teeth of the saw blades are passed through an induction device with a power of 6 kW and heated there with induced high-frequency eddy currents with a frequency of 0.5 MHz within 2.5 seconds to temperatures in the range of 1300 ° C. and then cooled quickly below a predetermined temperature. The saw blades are made of tool steel with at least one of the elements tungsten, molybdenum, chromium or vanadium. Upon heating, carbides or carbon components of the steel are to be dispersed or dissolved in the authentic matrix. The fast cooling results in a martensitic hardened structure. Subsequently, a heat treatment or tempering at temperatures in the range of 566 ° C is described, which makes a second hardness maximum achievable. The hardness structure in the treated area of the teeth increases the risk that teeth break off under high mechanical loads.
    The present invention has for its object to provide a simple solution for metal circular saw blades that allow long service life and can be resharpened even at high mechanical loads.
    This object is solved by the features of claim 1 or of claim 8. The dependent claims describe preferred or alternative embodiments.
    In the context of the invention, it has been recognized that in an induction hardening according to US Pat. No. 2,326,674 the treated saw blade has a hardened structure over its entire thickness in the hardened region and therefore acts hard and brittle, resulting in high mechanical loads for breaking off Teeth or at least leads to cracks, fractures, residual stresses and flaking. It was recognized that in a metal circular saw blade according to the invention, the hardness structure only in the two layers at the side surfaces of the metal circular saw blade and there not only in the radial region of the teeth but in an outer edge region with a radial extent in the range of 30 mm to 150mm, preferably 60 mm to 120 mm, in particular from 80 mm to 110 mm must be formed. Radially within this outer edge region, the metal circular saw blade is not hardened with induction hardening.
    In a metal circular saw blade, which comprises two mutually parallel side surfaces and along the peripheral edge teeth, in an outer edge region with a radial extent of at least 30 mm induction hardening can be carried out so that in the treated area at both side surfaces each with an outer layer an increased hardness is formed and between these two outer layers, the original, less hard structure of the tool steel is obtained. This increase in stability in an outer edge region in both side surfaces is advantageous in the case of fast-working disk-shaped metal circular saw blades. The two harder annular outer layers are spaced from each other and increase the mechanical stability of the metal circular saw blade, which thereby receives a sandwich structure at the radially outer edge region.
    The closed ring shape of the two inductively hardened outer layers, the less hard middle layer and the less hard radially inner region ensure that in case of temperature fluctuations and mechanical vibrations compared to conventional metal circular saw blades longer life and improved dynamic behavior is achieved. The metal circular saw blade is rotatable about a perpendicular to the side surfaces through its center leading axis of rotation.
    With regard to the abrasion resistance of a part to be separated, in particular a pipe, facing peripheral surface of the metal circular saw blade, or the saw teeth, there is a clear improvement. This improvement in abrasion resistance results from the sandwich construction. The two hardened lateral outer layers are removed less quickly than the intermediate middle layer. As a result, the feed force acting on the pipe by the metal circular saw blade becomes effective above all through the two narrow lateral outer layers with increased hardness. The increased forces in the two narrow firmer areas lead to a better cutting performance. This increased cutting performance is retained even after re-sharpening. Because a hard and brittle layer in the cutting area can be dispensed with over the entire thickness, re-sharpening is not made much more difficult.
    The thickness of the hardened layer can be regulated by the frequency and the power of induction hardening. In the case of a metal circular saw blade, the layer thickness S of the two harder annular outer layers is selected in a ratio to the thickness or width B of the respective metal circular saw blade 1. A preferred ratio depends on the dimensions, in particular the diameter, of the metal circular saw blade. The thickness B of the common metal circular saw blades depends on their radius L. Common metal circular saw blades have a width B in the range of 4 to 12 mm. The layer thickness S should be in the range of 0.2 mm to 1.8 mm. For metal circular saw blades having a width B in the range of 4 to 6 mm, S is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.3 mm. At B in the range of 7 to 9 mm, S is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 mm. At B in the range of 10 to 12 mm, S is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.8 mm. The optimum layer thickness is preferably adapted to the diameter or the radius L of the metal circular saw blade, and regardless of the diameter, the layer thickness is in the range of 0.2 to 1.8 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm and in particular 0.8 to 1.2 mm.
    The metal circular saw blades with two harder annular outer layers formed on both sides have a significantly increased sheet stability or rigidity. The service life of the metal circular saw blade is significantly increased. Because the microstructure and strength change from one side to the other, natural vibrations of the untreated sheet can be changed and more attenuated. It has been found that these advantages can be achieved in particular with metal circular saw blades with large diameters, ie with a diameter of at least 1000 mm, preferably of at least 1600 mm.
    The method for producing the inventive metal circular saw blades includes induction hardening in a radially outer edge region at the two side surfaces of the metal circular saw blade. The induction hardening is carried out in such a way that two outer layers facing away from each other with increased hardness are formed in the radially outer edge region over a radial extent in the range from 30 mm to 150 mm, areas being present between the two outer layers and radially inside the outer edge region Induction hardening achieved substantially no change in hardness, so that the original structure of the tool steel is maintained.
    In order to perform this limited to specified outer layers induction hardening the electromagnetic field used with the appropriate extent, the appropriate frequency and the appropriate power must be applied so that the induced eddy currents in the metal circular saw blades arise in the predetermined outer layers and there necessary for curing Create temperature above the Curie point. The temperatures used and exposure or curing times depend on the material of the metal circular saw blades and their initial structure as well as on the carbon content. The temperatures to be achieved are in the range of about 800 ° C to about 1100 ° C.
    Due to the skin effect can be ensured with a sufficiently high frequency of the electromagnetic field, that the eddy currents are excited only in the predetermined outer layer. For the preferred layer thicknesses of 0.2 to 1.8 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm and in particular 0.8 to 1.2 mm of the outer layers with increased hardness high-frequency or medium-frequency fields are used with adapted power and exposure time. For fields with frequencies in the range of 0.5 to 5 MHz, a surface power in the range of 0.4 kW / cm2 to 3 kW / cm2 and an exposure time in the range of 0.2 s to 5 s is selected and for fields with frequencies in the range of 5 to 500 kHz a surface power in the range of 0.7 kW / cm2 to 3.5 kW / cm2 and an exposure time in the range of 0.5 s to 5 s.
    For example, at a frequency of about 1 MHz for a layer thickness limit of 0.2 mm, a surface power of about 3 kW / cm2 and an exposure time of about 0.2 s provided for a layer thickness limit of 1.2 mm, a surface power of about 0.4 kW / cm2 and an exposure time of about 5 s. At a frequency of approx. 10 kHz, the layer thickness limit 1.0 mm is assigned a surface power of approx. 3.5 kW / cm2 and an exposure time of approx. 0.5 s and the layer thickness limit 1.8 mm a surface power of approx. 0.7 kW / cm2 and an exposure time of approx 5 s.
    The electromagnetic field is generated by inductors comprising conductor coils. The short exposure or heating times and the high curing temperatures require an exact design of the inductors in terms of their shape and their location on the metal circular saw blade. In order to reduce the temperature at the end of the holding time in time and to a sufficient extent, a suitable quenching technique must be used. Preference is given to using showers with cooling liquid or optionally also baths.
    The inductors are adapted to the chosen working method. In a stand-up process, the inductor and possibly also the metal circular saw blade stand still. The two outer layers of the entire radially outer edge region are heated and quenched. For any desired diameter of the metal circular saw blades, a suitable inductor and mating deterrent device must be provided. In order to be able to treat with the same inductor metal circular saw blades with different diameters, preferably a feed method is used. The inductor covers only a part of the two outer layers of the radially outer edge region. By means of a relative movement between inductor and metal circular saw blade, the treatment zone is moved over the zone to be hardened. The quenching is also carried out continuously by means of the inductor functionally traced shower. In the simplest embodiment, inductor and shower are fixedly positioned on the periphery of the rotating metal circular saw blade. When performing the cure along the entire circumference care is taken to minimize the overlap or possible slippage.
    In order to reduce residual stresses and optionally build up a certain toughness, the metal circular saw blades are preferably subjected to a heat treatment or annealing after induction hardening. Even at tempering temperatures of 150 to 200 ° C and holding times of 1 to 2 hours strained martensite transforms into tougher temperate martensite. Optionally, the heat treatment is also carried out inductively, in particular with the same inductors but adapted power. The heat treatment results in only a slight decrease in hardness and no reduction in wear resistance.
    As part of a second feasible even independently of the first invention invention has been recognized that the sawing behavior can be significantly improved if the thickness of the metal circular saw blade in the radially outer edge region in the direction radially outwardly from the axis of rotation increases, preferably conical. The outer edge region, in which the thickness increases, has a radial extent in the range from 30 mm to 150 mm, preferably from 60 mm to 120 mm, in particular from 80 mm to 110 mm. In the embodiment with a conical region, the lines of intersection of the two annular outer surfaces facing away from each other with a sectional plane which includes the axis of rotation at an acute angle to the median plane of the metal circular saw blade, wherein this acute angle in the range of 0.5 ° to 2 °, preferably in the range of 0.7 ° to 1.2 ° and in particular in the range of 0.8 ° to 1 ° and in particular also depends on the radial extent of the conical region.
    With the increase in the thickness of the metal circular saw blade in the radially outer edge region in the direction radially from the axis of rotation to the outside can be ensured that the metal circular saw blade comes into contact only with the teeth formed on the peripheral edge in contact with the part to be sawn.
    To produce a metal circular saw blade with an outer edge region in which increases the thickness to the outside, it is assumed that a metal circular saw blade, the thickness of which corresponds to the desired maximum thickness at the peripheral edge. By means of turning and / or milling and / or grinding, the conical edge region and an area adjoining it radially inwards are formed with a substantially constant reduced thickness. A central attachment area preferably retains the original thickness.
    In a preferred embodiment of the metal circular saw blade with a radially outer edge region in a sectional view conical design of the outer surfaces of the metal circular saw blade is hardened in the outwardly widening outer edge region with an induction hardening.
    The preferred metal circular saw blades consist of a low-alloyed tool steel, preferably with chromium-vanadium or tungsten, which in particular belongs to the group of steels 80CrV2 (DIN substance number 1.2235),
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    80CrV23 (DIN 1.2236) and 73WCrMoV22 (DIN 1.2604), and has a carbon content of at least 0.55%. The drawing illustrates the inventive solution. 1 shows a schematic representation of a section through a region of a metal circular saw blade with a scale enlarged in comparison to the radial direction in the direction of the axis of rotation. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a region of a metal circular saw blade 1, its extension being in the direction of the Rotary axis 2 is shown enlarged in relation to the expansion in the radial direction. The metal circular saw blade 1 comprises two side surfaces 1 a and extends from the rotation axis 2 radially to a peripheral edge 1 b. The thickness of the metal circular saw blade 1 increases in a radially outer edge region 3 in the direction radially from the rotation axis 2 to the outside. This increase in thickness is conically formed in the section shown and the lines of intersection of the two annular opposite outer surfaces 4 in the radially outer edge region 3 extend at an acute angle 5 to the median plane of the metal circular saw blade 1. This acute angle 5 is in the range of 0.5 ° to 2 ° , preferably in the range of 0.7 ° to 1.2 ° and in particular in the range of 0.8 ° to 1 °. Radially within the conical edge region is formed in a central region 6 at both side surfaces 1a reduced by means of turning and / or milling and / or grinding thickness of the metal circular saw blade 1. A central attachment region 7 without material-lifting processing has an original thickness. Fig. 1 also serves to illustrate the invention with the hardened in the radially outer edge region 3 at the two side surfaces 1a of the metal circular saw blade 1 by means of induction hardened outer layers. The radially outer edge region 3 extends over a radial extent in the range of 30 mm to 150 mm. Between the two outer layers and radially inside the outer edge region 3, a less hard structure of the tool steel is obtained without induction hardening applied thereto. The radially outer edge region 3 can also be formed with constant thickness. claims
    A metal circular saw blade (1) made of steel with two side surfaces (1a) and teeth along the peripheral edge (1b), which is rotatably insertable about a rotation axis (2) passing through its center perpendicular to the side surfaces (1a), characterized in that a radially outer edge region (3) at the two side surfaces (1 a) of the metal circular saw blade (1) are formed by induction hardening two outer layers facing away from each other with increased hardness, wherein the radially outer edge region (3) over a radial extent in the range of 30 mm 150 mm and is obtained between the two outer layers and radially within the outer edge region (3) without applied induction hardening a less hard structure of the tool steel.
    [2]
    2. metal circular saw blade (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the radially outer edge region (3) extends over a radial extent in the range of 60 mm to 120 mm, preferably from 80 mm to 110 mm.
    [3]
    3. metal circular saw blade (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the layer thickness of the outer layers with increased hardness in the range of 0.2 to 1.8 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and in particular from 0.8 to 1.2 mm.
    [4]
    4. Metal circular saw blade (1) made of steel with two side surfaces (1a) and teeth along the peripheral edge (1b), which is rotatable about a perpendicular to the side surfaces (1a) through its center leading axis of rotation (2), preferably according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thickness of the metal circular saw blade (1) in the radially outer edge region (3) increases in the direction radially from the axis of rotation (2) to the outside.
    [5]
    5. metal circular saw blade (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the thickness of the metal circular saw blade (1) in the radially outer edge region (3) increases conically and the lines of intersection of the two annular opposite outer surfaces (4) in the radially outer edge region (3) a sectional plane which comprises the axis of rotation (2) at an acute angle (5) to the center plane of the metal circular saw blade (1), said acute angle in the range of 0.5 ° to 2 °, preferably in the range of 0.7 ° to 1.2 ° and especially in the range of 0.8 ° to 1 °.
    [6]
    6. metal circular saw blade (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the steel is a low-alloyed tool steel, preferably with chromium-vanadium or tungsten, and in particular to the group of steels 80OV2 (DIN substance number 1.2235), 80CrV23 ( DIN 1.2236) and 73WCrMoV22 (DIN 1.2604), and has a carbon content of at least 0.55%.
    [7]
    7. metal circular saw blade (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the diameter of the metal circular saw blade (1) is at least 1000 mm, preferably at least 1200 mm and in particular at most 3000 mm.
    [8]
    8. A method for producing a metal circular saw blade (1) made of steel with two side surfaces (1a) and teeth along the peripheral edge (1b), wherein the metal circular saw blade (1) about an axis perpendicular to the side surfaces (1a) through its center leading axis of rotation (2) is rotatably replaceable, characterized in that with an induction hardening in a radially outer edge region (3) of the metal circular saw blade (1) over a radial extent in the range of 30 mm to 150 mm two opposing outer layers are formed with increased hardness, wherein between the two Outer layers and radially within the outer edge region (3) regions are present in which the induction hardening causes substantially no change in hardness, so that the original structure of the tool steel is maintained.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the induction hardening outer layers with a layer thickness in the range of 0.2 to 1.8 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and in particular from 0.8 to 1.2 mm forms and to high-frequency or medium-frequency fields with predetermined power and exposure time preferably, high-frequency fields in the range of 0.5 to 5 MHz with a power area in the range of 0.4 kW / cm2 to 3 kW / cm2 and an exposure time in the range of 0.2 s to 5 s or optionally medium-frequency fields in the range of 5 to 500 kHz with a surface power in the range of 0.7 kW / cm2 to 3.5 kW / cm2 and an exposure time in the range of 0.5 s to 5 s.
    [10]
    10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the metal circular saw blade (1) is subjected to a heat treatment after the induction hardening, preferably at temperatures of 150 to 200 ° C and holding times of 1 to 2 hours.
    [11]
    11. A method for producing a metal circular saw blade (1) made of steel with two side surfaces (1a) and teeth along the peripheral edge (1b), wherein the metal circular saw blade (1) about a rotation axis (2) leading through its center perpendicular to the side surfaces (1a) is rotatable, preferably according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the metal circular saw blade (1) is processed before a possible induction hardening so that the thickness of the metal circular saw blade (1) in the radially outer edge region (3) increases conically and preferably the Section lines of two annular outer surfaces facing away from each other (4) in the radially outer edge region (3) with a sectional plane which comprises the axis of rotation (2) at an acute angle to the median plane of the metal circular saw blade (1), said acute angle in the range of 0.5 ° to 2 °, preferably in the range of 0.7 ° to 1.2 ° and in particular in the range of 0.8 ° to 1 °.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102017105128A1|2017-10-05|
    CH712310B1|2020-02-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2326674A|1940-07-26|1943-08-10|Simonds Saw And Steel Co|Induction hardening of saw teeth|
    JP2000005904A|1998-06-18|2000-01-11|Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd|Surface treated steel based cutting tool|CN108817545A|2018-08-24|2018-11-16|多棱新材料股份有限公司|A kind of high intensity saw blade production technology|
    法律状态:
    2018-12-28| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: KAMINSKI HARMANN PATENTANWAELTE AG, CH |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00420/16A|CH712310B1|2016-03-31|2016-03-31|Metal circular saw blade and method for producing a metal circular saw blade.|CH00420/16A| CH712310B1|2016-03-31|2016-03-31|Metal circular saw blade and method for producing a metal circular saw blade.|
    DE102017105128.7A| DE102017105128A1|2016-03-31|2017-03-10|Metal circular saw blade and method of making metal circular saw blades|
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